Electricity providers are exploring product options to meet increasing demand for “hourly matched” carbon-free energy (CFE), in which CFE generation is matched to customer load in each hour. This background report summarizes current hourly product offerings; previous initiatives to facilitate or provide guidance, tools, or standards related to hourly CFE procurement; outcomes from previous technical …

Voluntary clean electricity procurement plays a critical role in accelerating the energy transition—but a lack of consensus on what kind of individual purchases directly drive or have an increased indirect impact on new clean energy and maintaining existing clean energy has led to market fragmentation and uncertainty for buyers and investors. This CEAP initiative produced …

CRS supports comments submitted by other stakeholders regarding compliance reporting and verification under Minnesota Statute 216B.1691, Minnesota’s Renewable Energy Standard (RES) and the newly created Carbon Free Standard (CFS). These comments pertain to requiring the use of renewable energy certificates (RECs) and alternative energy certificates (AECs), as well as using a residual mix to represent …

Fuel producers and their customers concerned with managing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from using fuels are pursuing ways to replace conventional fossil fuels with biologically derived and lower-emitting alternative fuels. To help spur investment in the production of these nascent fuels, these stakeholders are using markets for contractual instruments like certificates representing the environmental …

All-generation electricity certificate tracking and residual mixes are two related and essential tools that can help states ensure transparency and accuracy in their electricity programs and in retail electricity markets more generally. These mechanisms help establish an accurate picture of electricity generation and consumption, prevent double counting, and support state renewable energy and climate policies.

State Clean Energy Standards (CESs), which set carbon-free energy or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions goals for electric utilities, represent a new approach over traditional renewable portfolio standard (RPS) programs—one that focuses on renewable energy instead of emissions. This policy brief, aimed at state public utility commissioners and their staffs, discusses the critical importance of renewable …

This policy brief for state policymakers and regulators describes how proposed frameworks for tracking and reporting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in new regional wholesale electricity markets for the Western Interconnection could impact the integrity of state clean energy and GHG programs. It provides recommendations including data coordination between these markets and the Western Renewable Energy …

The 2024 Green-e® Verification Report (2023 Data) is an annual, year-end report that aggregates reporting data from participants in the three Green-e® programs—Green-e® Climate, Green-e® Energy, and Green-e® Marketplace. The 2024 report, which was compiled from data gathered during the 2023 reporting year, highlighted significant market trends, including: Over 125 million retail megawatt-hours (MWh) were …

The 2023 Green-e® Verification Report (2022 Data) is an annual, year-end report that aggregates reporting data from participants in the three Green-e® programs—Green-e® Climate, Green-e® Energy, and Green-e® Marketplace. The 2023 report, which was compiled from data gathered during the 2022 reporting year, highlighted significant market trends, including: More than 114 million retail megawatt-hours (MWh) …

In This Issue: Letter from the Executive Director • Policy and Advocacy • CEAP • Green-e® Program Update • Renewable Energy Markets Conferences • On the Road • Recently Published • Welcome New Staff